Architecture Processes
Provide the processes to define, develop, and maintain architecture components and their interrelationships.
Improvement Planning
Practices-Outcomes-Metrics (POM)
Representative POMs are described for Architecture Processes at each level of maturity.
- 2Basic
- Practice
- Draft processes for the creation, storage, maintenance, and utility of enterprise architecture artefacts.
- Outcome
- Common enterprise architecture processes are available for use.
- Metrics
- Survey results that identify where organization support and resistance to architecture projects lie.
- Satisfaction ratings for the architecture function.
- Basic counters and trends for architecture artefacts creation and usage.
- Budgets, costs, and resource usage.
- Aggregated project portfolio, programme, and project metrics for dash boards, and project phase and task metrics for diagnosis.
- Practice
- Involve key stakeholders in the drafting of processes.
- Outcome
- The processes are comprehensive and meet the needs of key stakeholders.
- Metrics
- Survey results that identify where organization support and resistance to architecture projects lie.
- Satisfaction ratings for the architecture function.
- Basic counters and trends for architecture artefacts creation and usage.
- Budgets, costs, and resource usage.
- Aggregated project portfolio, programme, and project metrics for dash boards, and project phase and task metrics for diagnosis.
- Practice
- Include enterprise architecture governance steps in the processes.
- Outcome
- Processes are compatible with mandated governance steps and integrate well with overall organization processes (e.g. project portfolio management).
- Metrics
- Survey results that identify where organization support and resistance to architecture projects lie.
- Satisfaction ratings for the architecture function.
- Basic counters and trends for architecture artefacts creation and usage.
- Budgets, costs, and resource usage.
- Aggregated project portfolio, programme, and project metrics for dash boards, and project phase and task metrics for diagnosis.
- Practice
- Use enterprise architecture role definitions in the process descriptions.
- Outcome
- Process role assignments are compatible with role definitions and enterprise architecture career path descriptions.
- Metrics
- Survey results that identify where organization support and resistance to architecture projects lie.
- Satisfaction ratings for the architecture function.
- Basic counters and trends for architecture artefacts creation and usage.
- Budgets, costs, and resource usage.
- Aggregated project portfolio, programme, and project metrics for dash boards, and project phase and task metrics for diagnosis.
- 3Intermediate
- Practice
- Make process training available to all who need it.
- Outcome
- Both those who execute processes and those who interact with them understand what to expect and what is expected of them.
- Metrics
- Counts, averages, variances, and associated trends of errors and rework.
- Variance from targets and mean.
- Issue counts and trends (by severity and urgency).
- Open to close metrics (e.g. time, total cost of fix).
- Metadata enabled aggregate metrics by department, function, business unit, geospatial region, product, service, and so forth.
- Surveys on awareness of, usability, and use of architecture artefacts and guidance.
- Project portfolio, programme, and project life-cycle metrics.
- Ratio of technology debt reduction budget to technology debt size.
- Practice
- Mandate the use of processes in all projects unless exempted by the enterprise architecture board or equivalent.
- Outcome
- Process roll-out and adoption are accelerated.
- Metrics
- Counts, averages, variances, and associated trends of errors and rework.
- Variance from targets and mean.
- Issue counts and trends (by severity and urgency).
- Open to close metrics (e.g. time, total cost of fix).
- Metadata enabled aggregate metrics by department, function, business unit, geospatial region, product, service, and so forth.
- Surveys on awareness of, usability, and use of architecture artefacts and guidance.
- Project portfolio, programme, and project life-cycle metrics.
- Ratio of technology debt reduction budget to technology debt size.
- Practice
- Gather metrics on process efficiencies and on the quality of the artefacts being produced, and analyse process variances.
- Outcome
- A comprehensive set of process metrics enables learning and improvement.
- Metrics
- Counts, averages, variances, and associated trends of errors and rework.
- Variance from targets and mean.
- Issue counts and trends (by severity and urgency).
- Open to close metrics (e.g. time, total cost of fix).
- Metadata enabled aggregate metrics by department, function, business unit, geospatial region, product, service, and so forth.
- Surveys on awareness of, usability, and use of architecture artefacts and guidance.
- Project portfolio, programme, and project life-cycle metrics.
- Ratio of technology debt reduction budget to technology debt size.
- Practice
- Expand the scope of processes to address how access controls are managed and maintained.
- Outcome
- Access control mechanisms are managed in a consistent and auditable manner.
- Metrics
- Counts, averages, variances, and associated trends of errors and rework.
- Variance from targets and mean.
- Issue counts and trends (by severity and urgency).
- Open to close metrics (e.g. time, total cost of fix).
- Metadata enabled aggregate metrics by department, function, business unit, geospatial region, product, service, and so forth.
- Surveys on awareness of, usability, and use of architecture artefacts and guidance.
- Project portfolio, programme, and project life-cycle metrics.
- Ratio of technology debt reduction budget to technology debt size.
- 4Advanced
- Practice
- Develop advanced adaptive processes that can adjust to the size, complexity, or regulatory criteria that apply to a project.
- Outcome
- Enterprise architecture processes enable the agile, efficient, and effective use of enterprise architecture capabilities.
- Metrics
- Counts and trends of governance compliance and governance exceptions.
- Elapsed time and trends for governance steps such as approvals cycles.
- Counts and trends for first time fixed and count issues re-opened.
- Pareto of missing information types that cause delays in decision-making.
- Frequency and time in use of tool features.
- Cost, cycle-time, and resource utilization impact of automation and architecture driven process changes.
- Baseline measurements of business (unit) operations before an architecturally significant change implementation so that its impact can subsequently be determined more accurately.
- Comprehensive project portfolio, programme, and project metrics.
- Stakeholder surveys on communications, architecture engagement, and architecture artefact utility.
- Practice
- Use advanced analytical techniques to optimize, automate, or generally improve enterprise architecture processes.
- Outcome
- Effectiveness, efficiency, and quality of enterprise architecture artefacts are improved.
- Metrics
- Counts and trends of governance compliance and governance exceptions.
- Elapsed time and trends for governance steps such as approvals cycles.
- Counts and trends for first time fixed and count issues re-opened.
- Pareto of missing information types that cause delays in decision-making.
- Frequency and time in use of tool features.
- Cost, cycle-time, and resource utilization impact of automation and architecture driven process changes.
- Baseline measurements of business (unit) operations before an architecturally significant change implementation so that its impact can subsequently be determined more accurately.
- Comprehensive project portfolio, programme, and project metrics.
- Stakeholder surveys on communications, architecture engagement, and architecture artefact utility.
- 5Optimized
- Practice
- Develop and sustain a programme of continuous process improvement that leverages the latest research, emerging industry best practice, and vendor advocacy.
- Outcome
- The organization has the best and most adaptive enterprise architecture processes available to it.
- Metrics
- Pareto of architecture guidance principles explicitly used in decision-making.
- Count of decisions adjusted by enterprise architecture governance committee.
- % of decisions getting enterprise architecture approval without modification.
- Cost to projects of technology debt.
- Complexity metrics (e.g. # of decisions in process, divergent process path counts, count of tasks requiring experts/consultant level staff).
- Satisfaction rating surveys that are value focused (i.e. how valuable is the enterprise architecture function to the stakeholders).
- Benefits realization metrics from project portfolios, programmes, and the benefits realization function.