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Knowledge Management

KM

The Knowledge Management (KM) capability is the ability to identify, capture, classify, analyse, share, and exploit knowledge to improve organizational performance.

Structure

KM is made up of the following Categories and CBBs. Maturity and Planning are described at both the CC and the CBB level.

ABuilding KM Capability

A1Culture

Establish and implement management practices and resources to embed beliefs, attitudes, and behaviours that motivate individuals to discover, capture, create, and share knowledge.

A2Relationships

Understand, shape, and use the networks of relationships (formal and informal, internal and external) that impact or support knowledge management activities. The scope includes formal entities such as roles and responsibilities and organizational hierarchies as well as less formal entities such as communities of practice, key influencers, social capital, and social networks.

A3Skill Development

Define requisite employee skills for specialist and non-specialist roles in knowledge management activities. Identify training requirements to develop employees' skills in knowledge management practices and the use of knowledge processes, tools, and technologies.

A4Tools and Technologies

Provide and report on the availability of tools, technologies, techniques, and application guidelines and checklists to support knowledge management activities such as discovery, acquisition, and sharing (e.g. social media), and knowledge asset management activities such as organization, classification, and analysis (e.g. a knowledge repository).

BLeveraging KM Capability

B1Strategy Development, Review and Target-Setting

Develop a programme of ongoing research and surveillance (e.g. environmental scanning) to ensure the availability of the knowledge and expertise necessary to support the current and future business strategy. Plan for the establishment of the resources and mechanisms to support this and to respond to situation-specific requests for knowledge. Incorporate review and adaptation processes to permit the plan to change as the business environment changes.

B2Knowledge Discovery and Capture

Establish the mechanisms (processes, roles, skillsets, sources, and linkages — e.g. agent networks, connection to experts) to locate, evaluate, assemble, and record knowledge that exists either inside or outside the organization, as directed by, for example, the KM strategy or specific investigation requests.

B3Knowledge Asset Organization/Classification and Access

Classify knowledge by, for instance, its subject area, ownership, and key experts/expertise — through, for example, the use of meta data, tagging, taxonomies, and ontologies. Provide access to knowledge with due regard to confidentiality and access rights.

B4Knowledge Analysis

Establish and implement processes, skillsets, tools, and linkages (e.g. to tacit knowledge) to seek and derive insights and intelligence from the organization's existing/accumulated knowledge resources, to facilitate informed decision-making. The context may include responses to both general guidelines as prescribed by KM strategy, and/or specific enquiries arising from within the organization.

B5Knowledge Sharing

Establish mechanisms to facilitate the sharing and use of existing knowledge among stakeholders, such as a collaboration network or community of practice. Report knowledge insights to stakeholders — for example, competitive intelligence, knowledge synthesis, and lessons learned.

B6Governance

Monitor and oversee the extent to which the knowledge management strategy is aligned with the business strategy. Track the extent to which the knowledge management strategy is being properly implemented by the knowledge management programme and that the desired impact is being achieved. Define and use processes to assess and ensure, for example, the integrity, completeness, and currency of knowledge assets.

Overview

Goal & Objectives

An effective Knowledge Management (KM) capability aims to:

  • Enable employees to capture, share, develop, and leverage their collective knowledge to improve the performance of the business.
  • Get the right knowledge, to the right people, at the right time, and thereby improve the quality of decision-making.
  • Promote access to formalized documented knowledge and also to tacit, contextual knowledge.
  • Scan the business environment to identify relevant knowledge.
  • Organize and index knowledge assets.
  • Measure the use and impact of knowledge in the organization.

Scope

Definition

The Knowledge Management (KM) capability is the ability to identify, capture, classify, analyse, share, and exploit knowledge to improve organizational performance.

Improvement Planning

Practices-Outcomes-Metrics (POM)

Representative POMs are described for KM at each level of maturity.

2Basic
  • Practice
    Define basic goals and objectives as input to the knowledge strategy.
    Outcome
    Clarity on goals and objectives is emerging regarding key points to include in the knowledge strategy.
    Metric
    % of approved priority time-based goals that are matched to knowledge strategy.
  • Practice
    Define guidelines for knowledge activities.
    Outcome
    Knowledge activities are effective and consistent.
    Metric
    % of knowledge activities included in guidelines.
3Intermediate
  • Practice
    Encourage positive KM behaviours and collaboration mechanisms.
    Outcome
    Knowledge sharing and collaboration is evident.
    Metric
    % of employees cooperating and applying positive KM behaviours.
  • Practice
    Develop a KM strategy.
    Outcome
    Clear goals and plans around KM are in place to inform work activities.
    Metric
    Yes/no indicators regarding the existence of a KM strategy.
  • Practice
    Provide KM role requirements and skills training.
    Outcome
    Some assigned KM roles and skills exist.
    Metric
    % of roles within the KM function that are defined.
4Advanced
  • Practice
    Reinforce positive KM behaviours and collaboration mechanisms across the organization.
    Outcome
    Knowledge sharing and collaboration is effective across the organization.
    Metric
    % of work processes/activities with defined collaboration mechanisms in use.
  • Practice
    Allocate KM roles and provide skills training across the organization.
    Outcome
    KM skills are at a high level and appropriately aligned with roles.
    Metric
    % of roles and skills with KM capabilities.
  • Practice
    Measure the impact of KM.
    Outcome
    Evidence of impact is available to inform KM priorities and further develop strategy.
    Metric
    % of knowledge assets with known business impacts and value contributions.
5Optimized
  • Practice
    Establish an alignment process for the knowledge strategy and business strategy.
    Outcome
    Maximum value is gained from KM contributions to the business.
    Metric
    Yes/no indicators regarding knowledge strategy/business strategy alignment.
  • Practice
    Extend the use of optimized tools for KM.
    Outcome
    KM tools support availability of knowledge assets and effective exploitation.
    Metric
    % use and availability of optimized KM tools.
  • Practice
    Ensure the senior management team allocates specific resources to activities which support a positive KM culture.
    Outcome
    Staff can reinforce a positive KM culture.
    Metric
    Budget for KM culture reinforcing activities.

Reference

History

This capability was introduced in Revision 18.04, replacing Knowledge Asset Management (16).